The Class 10 is an important year in a student’s life and Maharashtra State Board Grography is one of the subjects that require dedication, hard work, and practice. It’s a subject where you can score well if you are well-versed with the concepts, remember the important formulas and solving methods, and have done an ample amount of practice. Worry not! Home Revise is here to make your Class 10 journey even easier. It’s essential for students to have the right study material and notes to prepare for their board examinations, and through Home Revise, you can cover all the fundamental topics in the subject and the complete Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Grography Book syllabus.
1. India is divided into five major physiographic divisions. What are they?
Answer: The country is divided into five major physiographic divisions. They include the Himalayas, the North Indian Plains, the Peninsula, the Coastal Plains and Island groups.
2. Write about the Himalayas.
Answer: The Himalayas, one of the youngest mountains in the world and the major mountain system of Asian continent extend from Pamir Knot in Tajikistan to the east. Meanwhile, in India it starts from Jammu and Kashmir and ends in Arunachal Pradesh. The Himalayas are not a single mountain range and have several parallel ranges in the system. They include Siwaliks, the southernmost and the youngest range and other young and old ranges, respectively, such as Lesser Himalayas, Greater Himalayas (Himadri) and Trans Himalayan ranging from south to north. Meanwhile, the mountain ranges are also divided into Western Himalayas (or Kashmir
Himalayas), Central Himalayas (or Kumaun Himalayas) and Eastern Himalayas (or Assam
Himalayas).
3. What are the physiographic divisions of Brazil?
Answer: The physiographic divisions of Brazil include the Highlands, the Great Escarpment, the Coastal region, the Plains and the Island groups.
4. Write notes on Amazon River Basin.
Answer: Amazon collects its headwaters from the eastern slopes of Andes Mountains in
Peru. Since, Amazon River receives a huge discharge of nearly 2 lakh m3/s, it washes off the load supplied to it from the catchment and as a result sediments is not deposited even at the mouth. A dense network of distributaries characteristic of river mouth areas, is to a large extent absent in the mouth region of the Amazon. Instead, we find a series of islands developed along the mouth of Amazon beyond the coastline into the Atlantic Ocean. At the mouth the width of the Amazon channel is 150 km with most of the river’s course suited for navigation.
5. What are ‘Kayals’?
Answer: Kayal is the long extending backwaters or water bodies near the mouths of the coastal rivers in Kerala.
6. Write a short note on peninsular rivers.
Answer: The Peninsular river systems are divided into the east flowing that meets the Bay of Bengal and west-flowing, which meets the Arabian Sea. Western Ghats also form a major water divide in the Peninsula. The peninsular rivers are rain fed rivers that are seasonal in nature and seldom face the problem of floods. Meanwhile, the west flowing rivers located in the area between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Coastline are short but swift. Such a short and swift river system exists in the states of Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Southern Gujarat. Further northwards, are the river systems such as Tapi, Narmada, Mahi and Sabarmati flowing into the Gulf of Khambhat. Tapi and Narmada flow slowly through rift valleys, while Mahi River flows from North East to South West direction whereas River Sabarmati collects its headwaters from the southern slopes of Aravali ranges and flows in a somewhat North-South direction. Another noteworthy river forming the catchment of the Arabian Sea is River Luni that originates along the western slopes of Aravali range and flows in a somewhat northwest to southeast direction and flows into the Gulf of Kutch.
7. Which are the rivers meeting the Bay of Bengal?
Answer: A major part of the Peninsula is drained by the rivers that flow towards the Bay of Bengal. The important river systems of the group are Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri. Mahanadi basin is situated in the northeastern part of the Peninsula, while Godavadri, Krishna and Kaveri originate in the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats. The second largest river system of India in terms of the catchment area is River Godavari. To the south of Godavari, the basin of River Krishna with major tributaries such as Bhima and Tungabhadra is located. Meanwhile, the River Kaveri basin, one of the major rivers of the Peninsula, flows through the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. This river has been harnessed for irrigation for a long time.
8. Write a short note on Paraguay-Parana system.
Answer: Paraguay –Parana system are the two rivers, located in the southwestern part of Brazil, forming the catchment of the River Plata in Argentina. These two rivers and the river Uruguay, located in the extreme south of the highlands collect their headwaters from the southern portion of the highlands.